Fiat LUX - Il Modello Doppio Elicoidale del Fotone

E SE IL FOTONE AVESSE UNA STRUTTURA DOPPIO ELICOIDALE ...

« Fiat Lux ». (Genesi - Bibbia)

Quasi ogni grosso passo avanti nella comprensione della realtà fisica è avvenuto attraverso una sempre maggiore comprensione della luce. Come potremmo mai sperare di risolvere le incongruenze delle attuali teorie, verso una teoria volta alla comprensione del tutto, senza prima fare luce sulla struttura della luce!?

Il dualismo comportamentale onda-particella ha oggi una natura dogmatica a livello scientifico, nel senso che si accetta che esista, che sia una verità, (ed è indubbio che le due diverse descrizioni del fotone-onda elettromagnetica hanno entrambe grande valenza descrittiva dei fenomeni), ma senza che di tale verità si fornisca alcuna dimostrazione, comprensione, o modello esplicativo. Tanto che diventa quasi un principio. Ma è evidente che non si tratta di un possibile principio primo, ma di un frutto dello scontro di due diverse teorie non ancora conciliate, la classica della fisica e la quantistica. Pertanto un dogma le cui radici e origini sono in realtà al fondo della stessa fisica quantistica, della stessa Equazione di Schrödinger che nasce inglobando una grande incertezza, e questa incertezza è anche proprio l'assunzione del fotone come entità dotata di alcune proprietà, ma non di una struttura, o, meglio dire, con una struttura su cui viene steso un velo di non conoscenza nella trattazione del fotone. Per risolvere, comprendere e poi quindi superare il dogmatico dualismo onda-particella serve studiare la struttura del fotone. E non solo, la comprensione della micro-struttura del fotone è a mio avviso il passo fondamentale per migliorare la conoscenza del mondo fisico e far avanzare ulteriormente la scienza della fisica verso nuovi orizzonti, verso nuove comprensioni e verso la risoluzione di alcuni paradossi. Sulla base di queste idee che tanto mi hanno stimolato nella speculazione, vi sottopongo qui un mio studio teorico qui scaricabile, e di qualche anno fa. Se lo leggerete dopo non riuscirete più a "vedere" il fotone così come nebulosamente lo descrive, o forse meglio dire "non descrive" la fisica moderna fino ad oggi. E sarete mossi anche voi dal bisogno di comprenderne la sua struttura fine. E' questa una curiosità e una necessità che l' Ottica, nell'ambito dell' Elettromagnetismo e della Relatività Ristretta, avrebbe dovuto porsi subito all' indomani della scoperta del fotone e delle sue proprietà, prima ancora della formulazione dell' Ipotesi di De Broglie e dello sviluppo della Fisica Quantistica con l' Equazione di Schrödinger.
Per scaricare e leggere le mie speculazioni intorno al fotone e alla sua struttura, che son certo troverete stimolanti e fonte per tanti ulteriori interrogativi, anche nuovi, copiate nella barra degli indirizzi questo link e fate invio:

"Il Modello del FOTONE di Oreste Caroppo"

LINK: http://fiatlux.altervista.org/Il_Modello_Doppio_Elicoidale_del_Fotone_di_Oreste_Caroppo.pdf

Qui il mio blog del 2008 con questo lavoro, e con il mio scritto in inglese
LINK: http://caroppophotonmodel.blogspot.it/,
ma rimando meglio al PDF corretto da refusi qui linkato e scaricabile senza limiti di tempo:

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"The Photon Double-Helicoidal Model"
by studies and researches of Oreste Caroppo

HERE a SUPERLUMINAL structure for the PHOTON that can explain its LUMINAL nature and its properties, including its famous equation E=hν, derived by this structure theoretically!

It is need to reflect about PHOTON STRUCTURE for progressing in physics!

An Heuristic Model for the Photon to Explain all its Properties and its Equation E=hν :The Electric Dipolar Double-Helicoidal Dynamic Model of the Photon
The Interpretation of the Physics Origin of the Planck Constant

The EQUATION E=hν for the PHOTON can not be again a scientifical dogme!
Here a first Model for the Photon to Explain all its Properties and to obtain its equation E=hν as a derived consequence!

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Diceva un filosofo che per capire davvero un fenomeno occorre conoscerne il suo meccanismo; posso dire di conoscere davvero un fenomeno, quindi, solo quando ne ho capito il meccanismo e le leggi che lo regolano.

Da qui l' importanza del modello che per la prima volta descrive la struttura meccanica del fotone e le leggi su cui si fonda.

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NOTA didascalia immagine sopra: la figura rappresenta, schematicamente, un fotone nel nostro modello; all' interno della doppia elica, la curva sinusoidale disegnata, proiezione della traiettoria di una delle due semi-particelle del fotone su un piano passante per l' asse della doppia elica, richiama, in quanto sinusoidale, la classica semplicistica rappresentazione simbolica del fotone sin ad oggi utilizzata, fotone cui è associato come simbolo la sinusoide in virtù del suo legame con l' onda elettro-magnetica, ma senza che ad oggi, prima di questo modello, si potesse davvero comprendere come l'andamento sinusoidale di un' onda e.m. fosse legato al fotone, e viceversa. Tutto questo oggi diventa ben più comprensibile grazie al Modello Doppio Elicoidale del Fotone, (il "MODEC del Fotone", o più semplicemente MODEC, come in forma abbreviata lo chiameremo, e dove la C sta per l' iniziale del mio cognome).

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Here the extract of the abstract from my first work, of the early years of the XXI century, about this new theoretical model.

The Photon Double-Helicoidal Model

by studies and researches of

Oreste Caroppo

An Heuristic Model for the Photon to Explain all its Properties and its Equation E=hν :
The Electric Dipolar Double-Helicoidal Dynamic Model of the Photon

The Interpretation of the Physics Origin of the Planck Constant

Abstract

I want to propose to your attention a mechanic model for the photon. In modern physics scenery directed towards a great unification and an omni-inclusive mathematical description of the whole Universe, I think, perhaps, it needs again deepening discrete aspects of the reality. Fascinated by the photon, I thought necessary to find a photon model of its fine structure, to explain all its properties. I saw with great amazement, the energy equation of the photon

E=hv ,

and imaging my emotion caused by a mysterious structure hidden in the photon, I began working to try to discover this elusive structure, to explain deeply the photon linear relationship between energy and frequency, confident that this new model could have opened to me a new road to explain h, Planck constant, and with it some aspects of quantum physics again dogmatic or obscure. After several years of solitary and independent studies and researches, I have the pleasure to present you my ideas and their mathematics supports. I thank my colleagues, physicists, mathematicians, professors and the other friends, who, after having read this my paper, enthusiastic, suggested me to publish it, to publish, what they call “Caroppo’s Photon Model”, in this scientific article.

The descriptions of our model will be made in an inertial frame of reference. In our photon model, photon energy, and then its relativistic mass, we think, is divided to half between two sub-particles, separated in space, having opposite elementary charges. It is respected the electrical neutrality of the real photon, but the hypothesis of a discrete distribution of charges in it, gives us a way to understand how it is possible for the photon to carry the electromagnetic field and then, to generate the elementary electromagnetic quantum wave impulse. The two semi-photon particles of our photon model are in a dynamic equilibrium, which gives stability to the system during its propagation, creating between them a dynamic bond. In this new point of view, the generation of a matter-antimatter pair, generally electron-positron, from a photon, appears as a phenomenon implicating a breaking of the dynamic bond of the two sub-particles constituting the photon, revealing the presence in it of two particles with the same energy-mass, and with opposite elementary charges. In this heuristic photon structure, the two sub-particles, imagined punctiform, material points (at least in a first approximation), move themselves in a precise roto-translation motion along two helicoidal trajectories, two coaxial cylindrical helixes with the same step and screwing direction, and opposite between them, that is out of phase of π rad. In each moment the two semi-photon particles are on the same plane orthogonal to the common axis of the helixes, with the same distance between them, a distance equal to the common diameter of both helixes; the two photon sub-particles form, therefore, a dichotomic rigid system, an electric dipole in which the same photon would consist. The screwing angle of these helixes is 45°; the two semi-particles move themselves with a total velocity of magnitude c√2, (c per la radice di 2), hence, they rotate with a speed c, and they translate with an identical speed c, the speed of light, in the direction of the helix axis, therefore the photon system translates globally, along helix axis with an uniform straight line movement, of c speed, perfectly like in a real photon. The two sub-particles are tachyons; they have a superluminal speed, but their total velocity magnitude, c√2, reveals some interesting mathematic properties in special relativity equations.
Radius of the helixes is such that in the time of a complete rotation, of 2π rad, the photon system translates of λ, the wavelength of the real photon of the same energy; λ is the common step of both helixes. The inverse of the time of a complete rotation, the frequency, ν, of the rotation movement, is then, the frequency of the photon. Now, in the time of a complete rotation, which is the time of a translation of the system of a wavelength, λ, effectively we have a complete rotation-fluctuation of the electric and magnetic fields of our photon model, and therefore of its associated and by it generated, electromagnetic wave! Therefore, by our model, we give a more defined description of λ and ν , wave properties of the photonic particle, that, here, we bring back to the intrinsic kinematics of the photon fine structure; a result which can recompose the traditional “wave-corpuscle dualism” in the phenomenological behaviour of the electromagnetic radiation, without the necessity of a dogmatic principle of dualism for it.
This photon system, as described, has a momentum which is the same of a real photon with the same energy; identical magnitude and identical momentum direction, that of the translation motion of our system, hence of the real photon we want to describe structurally here. Our system has a spin which is exactly, that of the real photon, also with one xor the other of the two possible right-handed and left-handed screwing directions, corresponding respectively, to a vector spin parallel xor anti-parallel with the translation direction. Magnetic momentum of spin is null as in the real photon, too. Also, the total rest mass of our photonic system, which is zero, is the same of the real photon. More, we find in our model a three-dimensional photon, non punctiform, with a transversal radius linearly proportional to λ, and of the same magnitude, exactly as diffraction experiments suggest us for the real photons; however, λ, which is traditionally a longitudinal property, does not lose here, this longitudinal aspect!
The magnetic Lorentz forces between the opposite charges in motion of the two semi-photon particles are null in our described system.
The dynamic stability of Caroppo’s Photon Model, with the relativistic formula of Newton's second law of motion, considering the electric Coulomb force between the two photon sub-particles, gives us a surprising result, proper the equation of a linear relationship between photon energy and its frequency, as obtained in the studies of Planck and Einstein, and as verified after, in many other experiments!
The discussion about the proportional constant of this equation, which must be equalled to the experimental Planck constant, h, gives us the opportunity to present a new interpretation of h.

We find : h = π(Ksv)(e^2)/c

where Ksv is the magnitude of Coulomb’s constant, in Coulomb’s electrostatic interaction between the charges of the two superluminal photon sub-particles. If K is traditional Coulomb’s constant in the vacuum, we have : (Ksv) > (K) . We attribute the greater magnitude of Ksv , to the inertia of the vacuum, a dielectric inertia, that is the intrinsic inertia of the charged particles of the vacuum, “virtual” particles called according to modern physics; particles connected to the intrinsic energy of the empty space. For their inertia, we think they can not respond to the too much variation in space and time of the electric field connected with the superluminal passage of the internal charges of the photon, so the charges of the photon sub-particles are not screened, and they travel in a vacuum not polarized, while ever it is polarized for the electric interaction between charges in subluminal speed. This could also explain the nature of the origin of the “Fine Structure Constant”! The analyses of the electric and magnetic dynamic fields of our photon system, (that is of the elementary electromagnetic quantum wave impulse), generated by its constituting two opposite charges in motion, show exactly, in particular important straight lines, the same characteristics as orthogonalities, circular polarizations, time and space variations of their Cartesian components, which we find in the plane monochromatic electromagnetic wave in Maxwell’s theory!
A theoretical model so potent that can not be ignored, although it takes us towards new revolutionary prospectives of looking at nature, certainly ever joinable with our previous scientific conquests as the history of science suggests!

Prolegomenon

In this article I propose a possible model to describe photon structure. The necessity of this model is born to understand the phenomenological photon characteristics and to solve some aspects of the quantum physics which have until now a dogmatic nature and which are covered by an intellectual fog. A photon model so astonishing that gives us the possibility to obtain the important equation E=hv , by electric and dynamic intrinsic aspects of the fine structure of the photon!

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For a profound depeening here the work, from which the abstract above: PDF you can read and download.
You will find a sequence of images of the pages of a my published pamphlet. Zoom every pages to read better.

Oreste Caroppo